Who Was When

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Đại ViệtĐại Việt

East Asia & PacificHeartland today: Vietnam

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Vietnamese state under the Đinh, Lý, Trần, Lê and Nguyễn rulers, centred on Thăng Long (Hanoi). It turned back Mongol armies in the 13th century, took the Cham capital Vijaya in 1471, and was renamed Việt Nam in 1804.

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Key events

  1. Lý Thái Tổ moves the capital from Hoa Lư to Đại La and names it Thăng Long, "Flying-up Dragon"

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  2. Lý Thánh Tông renames his kingdom Đại Việt and declares himself emperor

    Both sources are reference summaries; neither gives a primary account.

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  3. – Trần forces turn back Mongol armies sent by Kublai Khan, from 1257 to the Bạch Đằng River victoryDisputed

    The Mongols withdrew in 1258 under Trần Thái Tông's command. The decisive Bạch Đằng River battle is dated 1288 in Wikipedia and 1287 in EBSCO's article on Ngô Quyền.

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  4. Lê Lợi proclaims himself emperor, ending the Ming rule that began in 1407

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  5. Lê Thánh Tông's army takes Vijaya, the Cham capital, and annexes Cham land along the coast

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  6. – The Trịnh in the north and the Nguyễn in the south fight for control, ending in a truce in 1673 that lasts a century

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  7. – Nguyễn Ánh defeats the Tây Sơn and takes the throne as Gia Long; in 1804 he renames the country Việt Nam