Who Was When

You are looking at

Maratha Empire

South AsiaHeartland today: India

Compare with…

Meanwhile…

A Marathi-speaking state founded by Shivaji, crowned in 1674. From 1713 the Peshwas ran it as a confederacy across much of India, until defeat at Panipat in 1761 checked it and the British ended it in 1818.

Also alive at the same time

Key events

  1. Shivaji signs the Treaty of Purandar with the Mughal commander Jai Singh in June, giving up 23 forts and keeping 12Disputed

    Wikipedia gives 11 June 1665; Encyclopedia.com gives 12 June.

    Also happening around

  2. Shivaji is crowned chhatrapati at Raigad on 6 June, proclaiming a new era and issuing his own gold coin

    Also happening around

  3. Shivaji dies at Raigad in April, and his heirs fight over the successionDisputed

    Sources give the day as 3, 4 or 5 April 1680.

    Also happening around

  4. Shahu, ruling from Satara, appoints Balaji Vishwanath as peshwa; the office becomes hereditary in his family

    Also happening around

  5. Afghan forces defeat the Marathas at the Third Battle of Panipat on 14 January, greatly weakening Maratha power
  6. The Marathas and the East India Company sign the Treaty of Salbai on 17 May, ending the First Anglo-Maratha War
  7. Gerard Lake's army takes Aligarh in September and defeats Scindia's Maratha army at Patparganj, across the Yamuna from Delhi
  8. Peshwa Baji Rao II surrenders to the British on 3 June; the East India Company abolishes the office and annexes much of his territory