Who Was When

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Ayutthaya Kingdom

East Asia & PacificHeartland today: Thailand

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Thai kingdom on the Chao Phraya River founded around 1351. A trading port visited by Portuguese, French and other foreign envoys, it fought Burma and Cambodia, and fell to a Burmese army in 1767.

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Key events

  1. Ramathibodi I moves his court from Lop Buri and founds Ayutthaya as his first cityDisputed

    Sources date the founding to 1350 or 1351.

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  2. Portuguese envoys reach Ayutthaya after taking Malacca, the first European contact

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  3. – Burmese armies under Bayinnaung take Ayutthaya and hold the royal family hostageDisputed

    EBSCO's article on Bayinnaung places the capture in 1563 and a Siamese revolt put down in 1568-1569. Its article on the Siamese-Burmese Wars describes the 1568-1569 attack as the one that succeeded.

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  4. Naresuan declares Ayutthaya independent of Burma

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  5. – Naresuan defeats Burma, then takes the Khmer capital Lovek in 1594

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  6. King Narai's ambassadors, led by Kosa Pan, are received by Louis XIV at Versailles

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  7. Burmese forces take Ayutthaya after a siege of more than a year and burn the cityDisputed

    Most sources give 1767. EBSCO's article on the Siamese-Burmese Wars says 1768. Sources also differ on the siege's length, giving 14 or 15 months.