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Kingdom of Macedon
EuropeHeartland today: Greece
The earliest kings are semi-legendary. Wikidata gives 808 BCE for the start, Smith's dictionary puts Caranus about the middle of the 8th century BCE, and the World History Encyclopedia places him in the 7th century BCE. Herodotus names Perdiccas I as the first king. The end runs from Rome's victory at Pydna (168 BCE) to the formal provincial settlement (c. 146 BCE).
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A kingdom on the northern edge of the Greek world, ruled by the Argead dynasty. Under Philip II and his son Alexander III it defeated the southern Greek cities and conquered the Persian Empire, before Rome ended the monarchy in 168 BCE.
Also alive at the same time
- Spring and Autumn period
- Warring States period
- Qin dynasty
- Han dynasty
- Chavín culture
- Paracas culture
- Maya civilization
- Olmec civilization
- Zapotec civilization
- Ancient Rome
- Celtic Iron Age
- Etruscan civilization
- Ancient Greece
- Scythians
- Ancient Egypt
- Kingdom of Kush
- Ancient Carthage
- Elam
- Assyria
- Babylonia
- Phoenicia
- Israel and Judah
- Achaemenid Empire
- Sogdia
- Seleucid Empire
- Parthian Empire
- Anuradhapura Kingdom
- Maurya Empire
- Yayoi period
- Xiongnu
Key events
Tradition credits Caranus with founding the Argead kingdom of MacedonDisputed
The ancient accounts differ on who founded the kingdom and when, and no contemporary record survives. Herodotus names Perdiccas I as the first king. Smith's dictionary puts Caranus about the middle of the 8th century BCE, and the World History Encyclopedia in the 7th century BCE.
Sources
Also happening around
- Spring and Autumn periodChina
- Chavín cultureSouth America
- Paracas cultureSouth America
- Maya civilizationMesoamerica
- Olmec civilizationMesoamerica
- Celtic Iron AgeEurope
- Ancient RomeEurope
- Ancient EgyptAfrica
- Kingdom of KushAfrica
- Ancient CarthageAfrica
- ElamMiddle East & Central Asia
- AssyriaMiddle East & Central Asia
- BabyloniaMiddle East & Central Asia
- PhoeniciaMiddle East & Central Asia
- Israel and JudahMiddle East & Central Asia
- Etruscan civilizationEurope (uncertain overlap)
- Ancient GreeceEurope (uncertain overlap)
- ScythiansEurope (uncertain overlap)
- Jōmon periodEast Asia & Pacific (uncertain overlap)
- Yayoi periodEast Asia & Pacific (uncertain overlap)
Philip II takes the throne from his young nephew and rebuilds the Macedonian army
Sources
Also happening around
- Warring States periodChina
- Paracas cultureSouth America
- Maya civilizationMesoamerica
- Zapotec civilizationMesoamerica
- Etruscan civilizationEurope
- Ancient GreeceEurope
- Celtic Iron AgeEurope
- Ancient RomeEurope
- ScythiansEurope
- Ancient EgyptAfrica
- Kingdom of KushAfrica
- Ancient CarthageAfrica
- PhoeniciaMiddle East & Central Asia
- SogdiaMiddle East & Central Asia
- Achaemenid EmpireMiddle East & Central Asia
- Anuradhapura KingdomSouth Asia
- Chavín cultureSouth America (uncertain overlap)
- Mixtec civilizationMesoamerica (uncertain overlap)
- Jōmon periodEast Asia & Pacific (uncertain overlap)
- Yayoi periodEast Asia & Pacific (uncertain overlap)
Philip II and Alexander defeat the armies of Athens and Thebes at Chaeronea
Sources
Also happening around
- Warring States periodChina
- Paracas cultureSouth America
- Maya civilizationMesoamerica
- Zapotec civilizationMesoamerica
- Etruscan civilizationEurope
- Ancient GreeceEurope
- Celtic Iron AgeEurope
- Ancient RomeEurope
- ScythiansEurope
- Ancient EgyptAfrica
- Kingdom of KushAfrica
- Ancient CarthageAfrica
- PhoeniciaMiddle East & Central Asia
- SogdiaMiddle East & Central Asia
- Achaemenid EmpireMiddle East & Central Asia
- Anuradhapura KingdomSouth Asia
- Chavín cultureSouth America (uncertain overlap)
- Mixtec civilizationMesoamerica (uncertain overlap)
- Jōmon periodEast Asia & Pacific (uncertain overlap)
- Yayoi periodEast Asia & Pacific (uncertain overlap)
Philip II is killed at Aigai and his son Alexander III becomes king
Sources
Also happening around
- Warring States periodChina
- Paracas cultureSouth America
- Maya civilizationMesoamerica
- Zapotec civilizationMesoamerica
- Etruscan civilizationEurope
- Ancient GreeceEurope
- Celtic Iron AgeEurope
- Ancient RomeEurope
- ScythiansEurope
- Ancient EgyptAfrica
- Kingdom of KushAfrica
- Ancient CarthageAfrica
- PhoeniciaMiddle East & Central Asia
- SogdiaMiddle East & Central Asia
- Achaemenid EmpireMiddle East & Central Asia
- Anuradhapura KingdomSouth Asia
- Chavín cultureSouth America (uncertain overlap)
- Mixtec civilizationMesoamerica (uncertain overlap)
- Jōmon periodEast Asia & Pacific (uncertain overlap)
- Yayoi periodEast Asia & Pacific (uncertain overlap)
Alexander crosses into Asia and defeats the Persian generals at the Granicus river
Sources
Also happening around
- Warring States periodChina
- Paracas cultureSouth America
- Maya civilizationMesoamerica
- Zapotec civilizationMesoamerica
- Etruscan civilizationEurope
- Ancient GreeceEurope
- Celtic Iron AgeEurope
- Ancient RomeEurope
- ScythiansEurope
- Ancient EgyptAfrica
- Kingdom of KushAfrica
- Ancient CarthageAfrica
- PhoeniciaMiddle East & Central Asia
- SogdiaMiddle East & Central Asia
- Achaemenid EmpireMiddle East & Central Asia
- Anuradhapura KingdomSouth Asia
- Chavín cultureSouth America (uncertain overlap)
- Mixtec civilizationMesoamerica (uncertain overlap)
- Jōmon periodEast Asia & Pacific (uncertain overlap)
- Yayoi periodEast Asia & Pacific (uncertain overlap)
Alexander dies at Babylon, and his empire is later divided among his generals
Sources
Also happening around
- Warring States periodChina
- Paracas cultureSouth America
- Maya civilizationMesoamerica
- Zapotec civilizationMesoamerica
- Etruscan civilizationEurope
- Ancient GreeceEurope
- Celtic Iron AgeEurope
- Ancient RomeEurope
- ScythiansEurope
- Ancient EgyptAfrica
- Kingdom of KushAfrica
- Ancient CarthageAfrica
- SogdiaMiddle East & Central Asia
- Anuradhapura KingdomSouth Asia
- Chavín cultureSouth America (uncertain overlap)
- Mixtec civilizationMesoamerica (uncertain overlap)
- PhoeniciaMiddle East & Central Asia (uncertain overlap)
- Jōmon periodEast Asia & Pacific (uncertain overlap)
- Yayoi periodEast Asia & Pacific (uncertain overlap)
– Rome defeats King Perseus at Pydna and the next year splits Macedon into four districts
Sources
Also happening around
- Han dynastyChina
- Paracas cultureSouth America
- Maya civilizationMesoamerica
- Zapotec civilizationMesoamerica
- Etruscan civilizationEurope
- Ancient GreeceEurope
- Celtic Iron AgeEurope
- Ancient RomeEurope
- ScythiansEurope
- Ancient EgyptAfrica
- Kingdom of KushAfrica
- Ancient CarthageAfrica
- SogdiaMiddle East & Central Asia
- Seleucid EmpireMiddle East & Central Asia
- Parthian EmpireMiddle East & Central Asia
- NabataeansMiddle East & Central Asia
- Anuradhapura KingdomSouth Asia
- Yayoi periodEast Asia & Pacific
- XiongnuEast Asia & Pacific
- Mixtec civilizationMesoamerica (uncertain overlap)
- PhoeniciaMiddle East & Central Asia (uncertain overlap)
– Rome defeats the pretender Andriscus and makes Macedon a provinceDisputed
Sources place the defeat of Andriscus in 148 BCE and the formal provincial arrangement between 148 and 146 BCE.
Sources
Also happening around
- Han dynastyChina
- Paracas cultureSouth America
- Maya civilizationMesoamerica
- Zapotec civilizationMesoamerica
- Etruscan civilizationEurope
- Ancient GreeceEurope
- Celtic Iron AgeEurope
- Ancient RomeEurope
- Ancient EgyptAfrica
- Kingdom of KushAfrica
- Ancient CarthageAfrica
- SogdiaMiddle East & Central Asia
- Seleucid EmpireMiddle East & Central Asia
- Parthian EmpireMiddle East & Central Asia
- NabataeansMiddle East & Central Asia
- Anuradhapura KingdomSouth Asia
- Yayoi periodEast Asia & Pacific
- XiongnuEast Asia & Pacific
- Mixtec civilizationMesoamerica (uncertain overlap)
- ScythiansEurope (uncertain overlap)
- PhoeniciaMiddle East & Central Asia (uncertain overlap)