You are looking at
Han dynasty汉
ChinaHeartland today: 
China
Liu Bang was enfeoffed as King of Han in 206 BCE but only proclaimed emperor in 202 BCE after defeating his rival Xiang Yu; both dates appear in the literature as the dynasty's start. The dynasty ends in 220 CE, when Cao Pi forced the last Han emperor to abdicate, though a rival usurper, Wang Mang, had already interrupted it from 9 to 23 CE.
Before and after
In the Central Plains of China:Came before: Qin dynasty Came after: Three Kingdoms
Meanwhile…
- Maya civilization
Mesoamerica · Longest-lasting hereThe Maya Long Count calendar tracks days in an unbroken count from a mythical starting point in 3114 BCE.
Compare - Ancient RomeRoma
Europe · Under Augustus, Rome ruled perhaps 50 million people; the Han census of 2 CE counted 57 million at the other end of the Silk Roads, and each empire knew the other only by rumour.
Compare - Moche culture
South America · Moche potters modelled ceramic portrait vessels so lifelike that individual faces can be recognised across different vessels.
Compare - Ancient EgyptKemet (km.t)
Africa · Oldest here (disputed dates)The Ptolemies' Alexandria, with its lighthouse and library, grew into a city of hundreds of thousands while Qin's First Emperor unified China in 221 BCE and Rome fought Carthage.
Compare - Zapotec civilizationBe'ena'a Mesoamerica ·
Zapotec nobles were buried in stone tombs beneath their own houses, later reopened and reused for centuries.
Compare - Celtic Iron Age
Europe · Celtic peoples left almost no writing of their own; nearly everything known about their beliefs comes from Greek and Roman authors who saw them as enemies.
Compare
Four centuries of rule, broken only by a usurper's brief interregnum, that gave China's majority ethnicity its name. Han armies pushed the frontier into Central Asia and opened the Silk Road, while officials chosen partly by examination administered an empire that stretched from Korea to Vietnam.
Also alive at the same time
Key events
Wars
Han–Xiongnu wars The Han dynasty and its alliesHan dynasty, Southern Xiongnu (allied with the Han from 50 CE), Xin dynasty of Wang Mang (9–23 CE, between the Western and Eastern Han), which massed troops on the frontier against the Xiongnu, Wusun (attacked the Xiongnu from the west alongside the Han offensive of 71 BCE), Wuhuan (scouts for the Han against the Xiongnu after 119 BCE; settled inside the frontier as Han auxiliaries from 49 CE), Xianbei (attacked the northern Xiongnu for the Han from about 49 CE and killed the chanyu Youliu in 87 CE), and Qiang horsemen in Dou Xian's army of 89 CE
againstThe Xiongnu and their alliesXiongnu confederation (from 48 CE, the northern Xiongnu), Wuhuan and Xianbei, Xiongnu subjects who at times raided Han lands with them, until both changed sides by about 49 CE, and Western Qiang, who attacked Han towns in 112 BCE in league with the Xiongnu
The northern Xiongnu state was broken and its remnants moved west; the southern Xiongnu lived under Han rule inside the frontier, and the Han held the Hexi Corridor and, for long periods, the Tarim Basin.