First Anglo-Maratha War
Accounts start the war with the Company's attack on Salsette in December 1774 or with the Treaty of Surat in March 1775, and end it with the signing of the Treaty of Salbai in May 1782 or its ratification at Poona in February 1783.
Sides
East India Company forces, Sepoy regiments of the Company's Bombay, Madras and Bengal armies, and Raghunathrao's followers
The Peshwa's government at Poona, under the regency of Nana Fadnavis, Mahadaji Shinde of Gwalior, and Tukoji Holkar of Indore
Countries today: 
India and 
United Kingdom
What happened
After the murder of the Peshwa Narayanrao in 1773, the Maratha chiefs at Poona, led by Nana Fadnavis, ruled in the name of his infant son and shut out his uncle Raghunathrao. In 1775 Raghunathrao signed the Treaty of Surat with the East India Company's Bombay government, which promised him troops in return for Salsette and Bassein. The Company's Calcutta council disowned the deal and in 1776 made the Treaty of Purandar with the regency, but Bombay kept backing Raghunathrao. A Bombay army marching on Poona was surrounded and early in 1779 signed the Convention of Wadgaon, giving up its gains. Governor-General Warren Hastings rejected it and sent armies from Bengal: Thomas Goddard took Ahmedabad and Bassein, Captain Popham's force took Gwalior fort in 1780, and Major Camac's force beat Mahadaji Shinde near Sipri in 1781. Shinde then brokered the Treaty of Salbai of May 1782, which returned most conquests on both sides and left Salsette with the Company.
Outcome: The Treaty of Salbai (May 1782) returned most conquests on both sides; the Company kept Salsette and stopped backing Raghunathrao.
Key events
Leaders
- Warren Hastings · Governor-General; rejected the Convention of Wadgaon · East India Company forces and Raghunathrao
- Raghunathrao · Claimant to the office of Peshwa, backed by the Company's Bombay government · East India Company forces and Raghunathrao
- Nana Fadnavis · Minister who led the regency at Poona · The Maratha Confederacy
- Mahadaji Shinde · Maratha chief of Gwalior; negotiated the Treaty of Salbai · The Maratha Confederacy
- Tukoji Holkar · Maratha chief of Indore · The Maratha Confederacy
