Germany

Timeline

Oldest first

1. War

   Gallic Wars58–51 BCE

   Rome and its allies

   Ancient Rome, Gallic peoples allied with Rome, among them the Remi and, until 52 BCE, the Aedui, and Germanic horsemen hired by Caesar

   against

   Gallic, Germanic and British peoples who fought Caesar

   Helvetii and their allies (58 BCE), Suebi under Ariovistus (58 BCE), Belgic peoples, among them the Nervii and the Eburones, Veneti and other peoples of Armorica, Britons under Cassivellaunus (54 BCE), and Arverni and the Gallic coalition led by Vercingetorix (52 BCE)

   Rome held all of Gaul up to the Rhine; Caesar withdrew most of his troops in 50 BCE as civil war loomed, and Gaul was organised into Roman provinces in 27 BCE.

2. Civilisation

   Carolingian Empire800–843 CE

3. Civilisation

   Holy Roman Empire962–1806 CE

4. War

   World War I1914–1918 CE

   Allies (Entente)

   France, United Kingdom, Russian Empire (until 1917), Kingdom of Serbia, Kingdom of Italy (from 1915), and United States

   against

   Central Powers

   German Empire, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Kingdom of Bulgaria (from 1915)

   The Allies won: Germany signed an armistice on 11 November 1918 and the Treaty of Versailles in 1919, and the German, Austro-Hungarian, Russian and Ottoman empires broke up.

5. War

   World War II1939–1945 CE

   Allies

   Soviet Union (from 1941), United States, United Kingdom, Republic of China (Nationalist government), France, and Second Polish Republic

   against

   Axis

   Nazi Germany, Empire of Japan, and Kingdom of Italy (until 1943)

   The Allies won: Germany surrendered unconditionally on 8 May 1945 and Japan on 2 September 1945.