Mexico

Timeline

Oldest first

1. Civilisation

   Maya civilization2000 BCE – 1697 CE

   At the same time here: Olmec civilization, Zapotec civilization, Teotihuacan, Mixtec civilization, Toltec civilization, Aztec Empire, Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, and Spanish conquest of Yucatán

2. Civilisation

   Olmec civilization1200–400 BCE

   At the same time here: Maya civilization and Zapotec civilization

3. Civilisation

   Zapotec civilization700 BCE – 1521 CE

   At the same time here: Maya civilization, Olmec civilization, Teotihuacan, Mixtec civilization, Toltec civilization, Aztec Empire, and Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire

4. Civilisation

   Teotihuacan100 BCE – 550 CE

   At the same time here: Maya civilization and Zapotec civilization

5. Civilisation

   Mixtec civilization900–1523 CE

   At the same time here: Maya civilization, Zapotec civilization, Toltec civilization, Aztec Empire, and Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire

6. Civilisation

   Toltec civilization950–1150 CE

   At the same time here: Maya civilization, Zapotec civilization, and Mixtec civilization

7. Civilisation

   Aztec Empire1325–1521 CE

   At the same time here: Maya civilization, Zapotec civilization, Mixtec civilization, and Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire

8. War

   Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire1519–1521 CE

   Cortés's expedition and its Indigenous allies

   Cortés's expedition, for the Crown of Castile, Tlaxcala, Totonacs of Cempoala, Texcoco (Ixtlilxochitl's faction), Huejotzingo, and Chalco

   against

   The Mexica of Tenochtitlan and the Triple Alliance

   Aztec Empire, Tlatelolco, Tlacopan, Texcoco (Coanacoch's faction), and Xochimilco

   Tenochtitlan fell to Cortés's forces and their allies on 13 August 1521; the Spanish crown made central Mexico the colony of New Spain.

   At the same time here: Maya civilization, Zapotec civilization, Mixtec civilization, and Aztec Empire

9. War

   Spanish conquest of Yucatán1527–1542 CE

   Spanish forces and their Maya allies

   Spanish forces, for the Crown of Castile, Xiu of Maní, and Chel of Ah Kin Chel

   against

   Independent Maya polities of Yucatán and Petén

   Maya civilization, Cocom of Sotuta, Cupul, and Itza kingdom of Nojpetén

   Northern Yucatán was under Spanish rule by 1547; the last independent Maya kingdom, the Itza of Nojpetén, fell to Spanish forces on 13 March 1697.

   At the same time here: Maya civilization

10. War

    Mexican–American War1846–1848 CE

    United States

    United States

    against

    Mexico

    Mexico

    In the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (2 February 1848) Mexico ceded about 55 per cent of its territory to the United States, which paid 15 million dollars and took on up to 3.25 million dollars of Mexico's debts to US citizens.